New Orleans Orleans History - 816 Words

New Orleans, Louisiana is a naturally diverse city where delicious food, jazz and creative people meet (New Orleans History, 2016). On May 07, 1718 a Frenchman by the name of Sieur de Bienville founded the prudent port city of New Orleans which is also measured five feet below sea level (New Orleans History, 2016). The city of New Orleans was named in honor of the Duke of Orleans that very same year (Fact Monster, 2016). New Orleans is described to be a human gumbo because of its unique collaboration of ethnicities and occupations (New Orleans History, 2016). The demographics of the populace of the city are primarily made up of French, Spanish, African American and Caribbean descendants (New Orleans History, 2016). Throughout the duration of the establishment of New Orleans many French, Spanish and Americans amalgamated with the Islanders, West Africans and slaves breeding Creole Americans (New Orleans History, 2016). Subsequently the liberated slaves and the indentured servants deca nted into the city establishing contemporary occupations (farmers, merchants and soldiers) (New Orleans History, 2016). The geographic location of the city is essential to the economy making it accessible to convey goods on the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico (History, 2016). The petroleum, healthcare and information technology fields also assist in stabilizing the economy (Fact Monster, 2016). Despite the city’s waterways aiding in the importation and exportation of goods they alsoShow MoreRelatedA Brief History of New Orleans553 Words   |  2 Pages Introduction New Orleans is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana. The population of the city was 343,829 in the 2010 U.S. Census. New Orleans was part of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. It has been hit by Hurricane Katrina, and survived the worst of it all. They have had a gigantic parade called MARDI GRAS every year. Background information New Orleans People Normally when tourists or first-timeRead MoreHurricane Katrin The Worst Tropical Storm1512 Words   |  7 Pageslike finances and automobiles, which would be needed to escape before the hurricane occurred. Despite the economic decline the city New Orleans was already in, Hurricane Katrina made the economy decline even further. This Hurricane caused thousands of jobs to be lost in the medical and education fields. Katrina was handled poorly by President George Bush, New Orleans City Officials, and Louisiana State officials. If proper planning was implemented before and after the hurricane arrived many livesRead MoreHurricane Katrin Human Made Disaster Essay1315 Words   |  6 Pagesmiles from its mouth, New Orleans has been the chief city of Louisiana and the Gulf of Mexico’s busiest northern port since the early 1700s. Founded by the French, ruled for 40 years by the Spanish and bought by the United States in the 1803 Louisiana Purchase, New Orleans is known for its distin ct Creole culture and vibrant history. Significant battles of the War of 1812 and the Civil War were fought over the city. In its last hundred years the key struggles of New Orleans have been social (povertyRead MoreTelevision : Television Series Treme1559 Words   |  7 Pagesan individual is creating his or her sense of identity, self, or â€Å"place.† These ideals are made up of numerous different attributes, lending to a sense of community and solidarity among those from like places. After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans, Louisiana in September of 2005, the city was rocked by its heavy losses on both cultural and physical levels. The aftereffects of the storm were deeply influenced by how the citizens reacted and attempted to revitalize their old community. TheRead MoreNew Orleans: A Historic City849 Words   |  3 PagesNew Orleans is the largest city in Louisiana, it is located in the southern part of the state, between The Mississippi River and Lake Ponchart rain. New Orleans has belonged to Spain, France, and the United States. It was founded by the French in 1718. New Orleans has about 712 churches in all. It has about 165 city owned parks. New Orleans is famous for its French Quarter, with its mixture of French, Spanish, and native architectural styles. The Mardi Gras is a week of carnival held in New OrleansRead MoreComparison Between City London And New Orleans1094 Words   |  5 PagesI will compare my city London to New Orleans. I will investigate and compare them to each other which is going to be easy I hope you enjoy me explaining to you their similarities and difference. Landforms: New Orleans, Louisiana has a river named Mississippi Rivers, wet marsh land, Sabine uplifts are Shallow, muddy seas advanced and retreated over the coastal and river plains many times, and gray clay deposited under these seas now forms the aquifers of northern Louisiana. Which are and has no mountains;Read MoreHurricane Katrin Disasters And Disasters909 Words   |  4 Pagesand all have their own significant impacts. We have experienced several of these within the past 10 years. Many with great impacts, however as far as hurricanes go, Katrina was one of the five the most dangerous and devastating hurricanes of U.S. history. On August 28, 2005, Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast of the United States. The damage from the actual storm was devastating. Hundreds of thousands of people in Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama were displaced from their homes, and expertsRead MoreOccupations and Industries in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania1516 Words   |à ‚  7 Pagesoccupations performed during 1930 in New Orleans, Louisiana and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Census data is used from district one of both areas and further research details how diverse each district is pertaining to origin of birth of individuals collected in the census data. Comparing the two regions will marginally depict which industries and occupations arose prominent and clarify their popularity. My father’s origin is from Pittsburgh and my mom’s origin is from New Orleans. Conducting this research willRead MoreThe Natural Disaster Of Hurricane Katrina817 Words   |  4 Pagesacross the world in so many different countries but the one incident that stands out to me is the natural disaster that took place in New Orleans, Louisiana. 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Examine Hobbes proposition that people need governed - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2486 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Philosophy Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The debate surrounding our original state of nature or species being has been hotly contested by scholars for centuries and remains a pivotal line of enquiry in contemporary pedagogic circles. In societies across the globe we observe entire populations governed by (religious) laws and practices designed to manage, control and otherwise police the boundaries of individualism whilst accentuating solidarity and protecting the collective norm (Stiglitz 2003). In this essay, we explore the various conceptions that have sought to trace and detail the genealogy of human beings to their primordial or so-called primitive condition, with particular emphasis on exploring Hobbes (2008) proposition that the disposition of human nature is chaos and thus, as humans, we are compelled to forgo our instinctual nature and find sanctuary within the realms of social collectivism and central governance. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Examine Hobbes proposition that people need governed" essay for you Create order In this vein, we confront the age-old nature versus nature conundrum; are we social and moral animals by design, altruistic in nature, or does civilisation transpire from egotistical obligation to co-operate in order to thrive. As ever-increasing demands are placed on social-scientific research to maintain pace with an ever-changing world, it is commonplace for scholars to forget the (historical) dictums of our primal beginnings; such investigations are often marginalised à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" afforded little time, finance and credence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" in a world seeking solutions to contemporary problems (Benton and Craib 2010). Yet, to paraphrase Marx (1991), the ghosts of the past weigh heavy on the minds of the living; understanding our roots may become the greatest social discovery and contribution to forging our future as human beings. Thus, social science, by definition and direction, is arguably obsessed with the social constructs that humans generate, frequently dismissing (perhaps through arrogance) the undeniable fact that we remain animals, imbued with the same instinctual drives and impulses as other species. Indeed, one need only observe the effect of social neglect in the case of feral children, unfettered by societal constraints we return to barely recognisable beasts, uncivilised and unconcerned by social pretentions, decorum, normative expectations and values (Candland 1996). For Hobbes (2008) humankind in its original state of being is an evil scourge upon the earth; a ruthless and egotistical creature perpetuated by self-gain and absolute dominance à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" a survival of the fittest nightmare (Trivers 1985). Thus, paralleling the works of Plato (2014), he asserts that the individual, possessing the principle of reason, must sacrifice free-will to preserve their ontological wellbeing, acquired resources, property and way of life or what he calls a commodious living (78). As Berger and Luckmann (1991) argue, we willingly accept soc ial captivity as it offers a protective blanket from the otherwise harsh conditions; a remission from the barbarism and bloodshed that transpired previously. This led Hobbes (2008: 44) to assert that people need governed under a social contract or mutual agreement of natural liberty; the promise to not pillage, rape or slaughter was reciprocated and later crystallised and enforced by the state or monarch. Indeed, whilst his belief in the sovereigns traditional (rather than divine) right to rule was unwavering, he was certain that a despotic kingdom would not ensue as reason would triumph over narcissism. In response, Socrates (cited in Johnson 2011) hypothesised that justice was an inherent attribute where humans sought peace as a process of self-fulfilment of regulating the soul not because of fear or retribution; to paraphrase: the just man is a happy man (102). The state would therefore stand as a moral citadel or vanguard against the profane. Similarly, Locke (2014) rejects the nightmarish depiction offered by Hobbes (2008), asserting a romanticised state of natureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" permeated with Gods compassion à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" whereby humans seek liberty above all; not individual thrill-seekers but rather banded by familial bonds and communes à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" a pre-political conjugal society possessing parochial values, norms and voluntary arrangements. However, he also appreciated that, without the presence of a central regulatory organisation, conflict could easily emerge and continue unabated. Hence, humanity ascends into a civil contract, the birth of the political, as a means of protecting the status quo of tranquillity, prosperity and ownership. Similarly, Rousseau (2015) also proposes a quixotic rendition of   humanities social origins, considering such times as simplistic or mechanical (Durkheim 1972) inasmuch as populations were sparse, resources abundant and needs basic, implying that individuals where altruistic by nature and morally pure. Yet, the ascension of state, particularly the mechanisms of privatisation, polluted and contorted humankinds natural state into something wicked that not only coaxed but promoted tendencies of greed, selfishness and egocentrism. In this account, we find strong parallels with Marx (1991), specifically his critique of capitalism, which is conceptualised as a sadistic mechanism tearing humanity from its species-being the world of idiosyncratic flare, enchantment and cultural wonder à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" and placing it into a rat-race of alienation (from ones fellow being), exploited labour and inequality. As Rousseau (2015) ably contends: man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains (78). Thus, government and the liberalism it allegedly promotes is a farce, seeking to keep the architectural means to create the social world within the possession of a minority à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" this he calls the current naturalized social contract. He calls for a new social order premis ed on consensus, reason and compassion; we must reconnect with ourselves, re-engage with our neighbours and discover who we are as a species. The supposition of our philosophical ancestors is that we require governance as a process of realisation, we are social animals that demand and reciprocate encounters with others; alongside the impulse for sustenance and shelter is the yearning for social contact à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" indeed love and belonging are included in Maslows (2014) hierarchy of needs. Yet, within many philosophical transcripts is the deployment of religion as a legitimate form of authority, since antiquity monarchs, pharaohs, dynasties and early tribal formations have claimed power through divine right or approval. In fact, conviction in a celestial realm has pervaded for epochs à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" carved in millennia-old cave paintings around the globe (Stiglitz 2003) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" and perhaps emerged from an enchanted, speculative and awe-inspired outlook of the world in which our ancestors occupied; religion complemented the life-cycle, delineating the sacred from the profane (Foucault 1975). As Schluchter (1989) argues, later missionaries would propagate their dogma; a prime example of this is the upsurge, dissemination and (even today) domination of Christianity as it overran its pagan predecessors, witchdoctors and mystics. Thus, religion has been attributed with generating social mores, collectivism and ushering the rise of civilisations. Indeed, Elias (2000), details the social evolution of humanity as the animalistic fades to the backstage with the gradual monopolisation of violence and (political) power and presented civil self takes credence. Initially, this was necessary for survival as people became more interdependent and significantly influenced later by the royal courts who became a celebrity-like beacon of perfect decorum and taste. By the 19th century, most of Europe was regarded as civilised whilst other developing pa rts where considered savage lands; the violence, exploitation and subsequent domination of such nations as India and Africa by western societies is well documented (Buckinx and Treto-Mathys 2015). As Elias puts it: people were forced to live in peace (2000, 99). This was also accompanied with the advent of Enlightenment whereby the rule of logic, rationalisation and pragmatism disrobed and effectively dismantled the prevailing supremacy of religion; though religion remains a powerful force in certain cultures and is frequently accompanied with its own medieval brutality. As Anderson (2008) alludes, in Africa and the middle-east, where Christianity, Judaism and Islam prevail and to varying degrees dominate life, purported barbaric acts like (female) genital mutilation, segregation, and (domestic) violence that affects mainly women and public violence and executions are commonplace and sanctioned. Thus, secularisation and the rise of empiricism unshackled humankind from its beast ly beginnings and rehomed them within the embracing idioms of consensus, free-will and reciprocal courteousness à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" humans had undergone a transformation or courtisation whereby mannerisms, hygiene and self-restraint became governing tenants, the barbarian was adorned (concealed) with socially acceptable masks, equipped with approved social scripts and the rules of the game à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Goffmans (1990) social actor and his/her presented selves was born. In this conceptualisation,   self-governance or policing is prerequisite for progress and forms the basis for society; enhanced with consciousness we are capable of resisting our impulsive drives à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Freuds (2010) Eros and Thantos are forsaken for the greater good à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" and creating a utilitarian civilisation. Today, in late-capitalist societies, we live in relative prosperity and peace; the elected government and its respective agencies provide sustenance, infrastructure, healt hcare, protection and political democracy; this template of humanity is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" like our religious proselytisers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" distributed globally, perpetuated by the mass media, globalisation and free-markets (Stiglitz 2013). For Nietzsche (2013), this contemporary worldview was tantamount to emptiness where humanity had escaped their animalistic state of being, finding virtue in religion and will-to-power within to overcome and ascend, but is now found wanting with the demise of faith and contemporary nihilism that has proceeded (his famous God is dead (13) quote). Indeed, he is dismissive of science, philosophical and religious idioms, particularly their totalitarian tendencies which (for him) inhibit, enslave or otherwise surrender life-affirming behaviours; similarities may be drawn with Marx and Engels (2008) critique of religion as the sigh of the oppressed creature (45); religion (like governments or social contracts) demands that individuals relinquish o r capitulate part of themselves; to genuflect the laws, tenets and values that rule. Such things seek to (re)capture or incarcerate our species being within a straightjacket. Therefore, humanity must re-engage their instinctual resolve à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" which Nietzsche (2014) regarded as stronger than our urge for sex or survival à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" and become supermen (ÃÆ'Å“bermensch) untrammelled by instinct, to find wonder in the fluidity and unpredictability of nature and good conscience by re-evaluating our values, expectations and shortcomings as a species. Namely, a stateless civilisation, unhindered by permanency, premised on the continual refinement of self. Yet, whilst Nietzsche (2014) highlights the stifling effects of dogma, it seems unrealistic to suggest humans are capable of living in constant flux à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" even a war-torn nation offer consistency (Stiglitz 2003) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" insofar as we instinctually seek to structure the surrounding environment in a comprehendible manner; we assign labels, judgements and behavioural codes as we produce order à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" predictability is the precondition for life and offers humans ontological security and wellbeing (Berger and Luckmann 1991). However, given the asymmetrical nature of society, some possess the architectural means to govern others à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" reformulated as a form of symbolic violence or barbarism. For example, the credence given to hegemonic masculinities and subsequent denigration and objectification of women or the subjugation of nations to western ideals (Mulvey and Rogers 2015). Moreover, the free-markets offered by capitalism seek to segregate, exploit and captivate masses into a consumerist world of shiny prizes (Marcuse 2002), coaxing our selfish and cut-throat tendencies, whilst so-called liberalist governments attempt to impose their civility globally through violence, bullying and manipulation; a wolf in sheeps clothing (Kinker 2014). So, even unde r the rule of government and presence of civilisations our so-called animalistic (violent) heritage pervades, like a ghostly presence haunting the present. Hobbes (2008) reasons for why individuals need governed to cage our inner beast seems defective. As Walsh and Teo (2014) allude, a major fault with many of the propositions outlined above is the emphasis placed on linearity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" government is seen as a progressive necessity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" rather than appreciating that as social creatures we are capable of creating communities with their own normative flows, ebbs, fluxes and (more importantly) governing ourselves both as matter of necessity or self-preservation and as a means of self-fulfilment or belonging; contemporary modes of practice have become so integrated and reified that finding a parallel alternative or a way back seems implausible. That said, as Browning (2011) argues, in an increasingly interdependent and global world, the requirement for centra lised states seems unavoidable to handle the sheer mass of human activity and to maintain a level of equilibrium; an inevitable course of human progress. This essay has been both illuminating and simultaneously problematic; the proposition of whether humans are capable of cohabiting without the requirement of a state or intervening supra-organisation remains a mystery.   In fact, such an assertion is premised on how one defines the original state of nature; are we barbaric creatures who engage in a social contract for personal gain or are we instinctually social and empathic animals whose predisposition is not only to safeguard our interests but to generate genuine communal bonds and interconnections with others. The latter affords more manoeuvring for alternative (flexible) social figurations without government, where humanity can bask in the wonder of difference, variety and levels of unpredictability, whilst the former finds sanctuary only in the incarceration of h umanity to defined idioms and laws imposed by a centre of authority and power. It is tempting to concede that, despite Hobbes depiction of government as the epitome of civility, on the contrary it appears to be (in this era of modernity) the primary agent of (symbolic) violence and struggle, whether masquerading as a religious, communist or neo-liberal state. Thus, one is reluctant to accept Hobbes assertion that people should be governed by a reified or separate entity. Instead, with a level of Nietzschean sentiment, perhaps people should be permitted and empowered to re-evaluate and govern themselves. Word Count: (2,195) Bibliography Anderson, J. 2008.Religion, State and Politics. Cambridge University Press. Benton, T.Craib, I. 2010. 2ndedition.Philosophy of Social Science: The Philosophical Foundations of SocialThought (Traditions in Social Theory).Palgrave Macmillan. Berger, P.Luckmann, T. 1991.The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge(Penguin Social Sciences).Penguin Press. Browning, G. 2011.Global Theory from Kant toHardtandNegri(International Political Theory).Palgrave Macmillan. Buckinx, B. Trejo-Mathys, J. 2015.Domination and Global Political Justice: Conceptual, Historical and Institutional Perspectives (Routledge Studies in Contemporary Philosophy).Routledge. Candland, D. 1996.Feral Children and Clever Animals: Reflections on Human Nature.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¯Oxford University Press. Durkheim, E. 1972.Emile Durkheim: Selected Writings, ed. and trans. Giddens, A. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. Elias, N. 2000. 2ndedition.The Civilisation Proces s.Wiley-Blackwell. Foucault, M. 1975.Discipline Punish:à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¯The Birth of the Prison.Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. Freud, S. 2010.Civilization and Its Discontents.Martino Fine Books. Goffman, I. 1990.Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity.Penguin Press. Hobbes, T. 2008.Leviathan (Oxford Worlds Classics).Oxford Paperbacks. Johnson, P. 2011.Socrates: A Man for Our Times. Penguin Publishers. Kinker, S. 2014.The Critical Window: The State and Fate ofHumanity.Oxford University Press. Locke, J. 2014.Two Treatises of Government.CreateSpaceIndependent Publishing Platform. Marcuse, H. 2002.One Dimensional Man.Routledge. Marx, K. Engels, F. 2008.On Religion. Penguin Press. Marx, K. 1991.Capital, ed. Mandel, E. Volume 3. Penguin Books (Classics): London. Maslow, A. 2014.Toward a Psychology of Being.Sublime Books. Mulvey, L. Rogers, A. 2015.Feminisms: Diversity, Difference and Multiplicity in Contemporary Film Cultures (Key Debates Mutations and Appropriations in European Film Studies).Amsterdam University Press. Nietzsche, F. 2014.Beyond good and evil. Penguin Press. Nietzsche, F. 2013.On the Genealogy of Morals. Penguin Press. Plato. 2014.The Republic. Reprint.CreateSpaceIndependent Publishing Platform. Rousseau, J. 2015.The Social Contract.CreateSpaceIndependent Publishing Platform. Schluchter, W. 1989.Rationalism, Religion, and Domination: A Weberian Perspective.University of California Press. Stiglitz, J. 2003.Globalization and Its Discontents.Penguin Press. Trivers, R. 1985.Social Evolution. Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Co. Walsh, R.Teo, T. 2014.A Critical History and Philosophy of Psychology: Diversity of Context, Thought, and Practice.Cambridge University Press.

Was Psychology Really Founded in 1879 or Was It in...

Was psychology really founded in 1879? Or was it in existence before that specific time? Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) officially opened an institution and laboratory for Psychology, in Leipzig, Germany. Many students were also taught here on experimental psychology. Wundt was touted as a great lecturer, and some of those taught, emulated Wundts work and made a significant contribution to psychology; for example Edward Titchner (1867-1927), who introduced structuralism to the United States of America. This facility was renowned through out the world as the premise on which psychology became a science, because, it was there Wundt carried out extensive research on several hypotheses. Claiming the title of Psychologist Wundt†¦show more content†¦Wundts lectures sometimes exceeded over 250 students; 186 graduates were trained by Wundt, a total of 116 from the discipline of psychology and the other 70 came from the discipline of philosophy respectively. Voluntarism Greek philosopher Plato (427-347 BCE) asked Why should we not calmly and patiently review our own thoughts, and thoroughly examine and see what these appearances in us really are? Wundts introspection reflects very much on that question, as it relates to self observation, and internal self perception. Wundt conducted several experiments on persons of a certain criteria who were highly trained in self observation: they had to be of sound mind, quick to notice and respond to stimuli, physically healthy, not preconditioned in any way, and exercised good judgment. During these experiments the individuals were encouraged to give accurate cognitive facts immediately after the application of the stimuli. With the use of varying apparatus around his laboratory Wundt sought out to get the response to sensation or the nerve impulse given from the brain, when pressure, cold or heat was applied; the reaction to sound-simple noise of tones; smell; tasting of items-bitter, salty or sweet; light-achromatic or chromatic. What they had experienced in regard how the stimuli made them feel, whether it was pleasant or unpleasant, if itShow MoreRelatedHerbert Spencer Essay13142 Words   |  53 Pages | Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) was an English philosopher, scientist, engineer, and political economist. In his day his works were important in popularizing the concept of evolution and played an important part in the development of economics, political science, biology, and philosophy. Herbert Spencer was born in Derby on April 27, 1820. 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In 2005 he was a visiting professor at Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok, Thailand. He received a B.A. in psychology from Claremont McKenna College and a Ph.D. in management from State University of New York at Buffalo. He is a certified project management professional (PMP) and Scrum Master. Clifford F. Gray

Unfair Labor Practices for Employment and Labor Law -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theUnfair Labor Practices for Employment and Labor Law. Answer: The workplace is prone to conflicts and disagreements between parties in an employee employer relationship. The employment contract is not conclusive is containing all the rights and responsibilities of both parties and therefore, employees are not certain and this creates conflicts and disagreements resulting from the employer exercising discretion in the employment relationship. Disputes are likely to arise and defending such disputes requires a well thought out strategy and procedure. The first and initial step would be to reach out the employees and the union officials in order to resolve the matter amicably through an out of court settlement. An out of court settlement would involve all the parties involved in the dispute coming together through a conciliatory process. In the conciliation proceedings, a neutral party acceptable to all the parties involved in the dispute would be agreed upon who will attempt to solve the matter amicably in the circumstances. Where the parties do not solve the matter at this stage, then an attempt can be made at the Labour court to determine the matter conclusively (Weiler, 2009, p. 23). The other step is to establish whether the claimants are employees or prospective employees of the company. This can be established by examining the contracts of employment of the employees that they signed at the time of recruitment and selection. It is important to establish the status of a claimant, whether employee or not so as to avoid defending a claim that is frivolous. A prospective employee is a person who has gone through the stages of selection and recruitment with a company and is in the last stage of placement. After establishing the status of the claimants, the next action will be to establish their relation with the union, whether they are union sable members or prospective members of the union. The company will then respond to the unfair labour practice charge against it. The response is done by filing a defense stating the companys position in the dispute and a justification that the action complied with the provisions of Employment Act. Though it is advisable for employees to register and join a trade union, the employees should only join voluntarily and with their informed consent. The employees have a valid claim since they were not consulted if they wanted to voluntarily join the union or were members of a different trade union (Cihon Castagnera, 2017, p. 17). Employees have a right to join a trade union of their choice which was infringed upon in this scenario. The defenses that can be advanced by the company are that the employees were in breach of the agreement between the company and the union in which the employees are the direct beneficiaries and that the action the employees ignored to follow the internal mechanisms for resolving disputes of this nature. The employer should have involved employees in the negotiations with the union. Since the company is an employer according to sections 2(2), (6) and (7) of the Act, the action of not employing the prospective employees was not lawful. The union was at fault in requesting the company not to employ the three prospective employees. In this scenario, both the company and the union are at fault and are likely to be found liable. References Weiler, P. C. (2009)Governing the workplace: The future of labor and employment law Harvard University Press Cihon, P. J., Castagnera, J. O. (2017) Employment and labor law (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning